_locationphp技巧_nginx的location指令实战示例匹配顺序匹配冲突

下边我们去掉精确匹配：

server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 "通用匹配\n"; } #location = /crow/test.md { # return 501 "精确匹配\n"; #} location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，区分大小写\n"; } location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，不区分大小写\n"; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 "字串匹配\n"; }}访问测试

如下可见，还剩 字串匹配、正则匹配、通用匹配，结果匹配到了 字串匹配。

[root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md字串匹配2.3 示例（正则匹间配高于通用匹配）配置文件

server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 "通用匹配\n"; } #location = /crow/test.md { # return 501 "精确匹配\n"; #} location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，区分大小写\n"; } location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，不区分大小写\n"; } #location ^~ /crow/test.md { # return 501 "字串匹配\n"; #}}访问测试

[root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md正则表达式，区分大小写2.4 示例（正则表达式间前边的为准）

上例中我们看到：~在前边，因此先匹配了 ~。
如果我们把~和~换个位置

server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 "通用匹配\n"; } location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，不区分大小写\n"; } location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，区分大小写\n"; }}访问测试

[root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md正则表达式，不区分大小写2.5 示例（通用匹配兜底）配置文件

我们还是将所有匹配都写上

server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 "通用匹配\n"; } location = /crow/test.md { return 501 "精确匹配\n"; } location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，区分大小写\n"; } location ~ /crow/.\.md { return 501 "正则表达式，不区分大小写\n"; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 "字串匹配\n"; }}访问测试

[root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.txt通用匹配3. 匹配间的冲突3.1 通用匹配 VS 字串匹配

通用匹配和字串匹配相同时，启动报错

location /crow/test.md { return 501 "通用匹配\n"; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 "字串匹配\n"; }启动报错如下：

nginx-crow-test | nginx: [emerg] duplicate location "/crow/test.md" in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:45