本部分包含：0.概述 1.设计和发展 2.利用历史 3.子型号。
中文词条原文链接（无法从中海内地访问）：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94-76英文词条原文链接（无法从中海内地访问）：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-76
受限于头条外链规则，本文不包含所有的文中链接。带有完全文中链接的版本拜会 「链接」
（图片来自网络侵删）本文基于英文词条的线索，并补充部分来自中文词条的内容（二者冲突时以较新的词条为准）。辽不雅观搬运时进行了必要的合规化处理，以使其能够在中海内地上传。维基百科（Wikipedia）是美国维基媒体基金会的互联网百科项目（点击这里理解更多），其内容可能受到态度、信息来源等成分影响，宴客不雅观看待。正文内容不代表译者不雅观点。 辽不雅观供应的翻译仅供参考。文中可能包含无法从中海内地访问的链接。封面图片：A Russian Air Force Il-76MD
参考译文：一架俄罗斯空军的伊尔-76MD。
图片作者：Vitaly V. Kuzmin
0. 概述辽不雅观注：此标题是我们在搬运和整合时添加的。
伊尔 IL-76（俄语：Ил-76）是苏联伊尔设计局（伊留申设计局）研制的四发动机大型运输机。在苏联、东欧地区、亚洲和非洲也有广泛利用。原来的设计为军用运输机，但是在苏联解体后也有大量用作民航用场。而它的北约称号为Candid（耿直）。
The Ilyushin Il-76 (Russian: Илью́шин Ил-76; NATO reporting name: Candid) is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine turbofan strategic airlifter designed by the Soviet Union's Ilyushin design bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace the Antonov An-12. It was developed to deliver heavy machinery to remote, poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as an aerial refueling tanker or command center.参考译文：伊尔-76（Ilyushin Il-76）是苏联伊留申设计局于1967年设计的多用场、固定翼、四发动机涡轮风扇计策空运飞机，作为安东诺夫An-12的替代品，用于商业货运。它被开拓出来是为了将重型机器运送到偏远、做事不敷的地区。伊尔-76的军事版本在欧洲、亚洲和非洲得到了广泛运用，包括用作空中加油机或指挥中央。
The Il-76 has seen extensive service as a commercial freighter for ramp-delivered cargo, especially for outsized or heavy items that cannot be carried by other means. It has also been used as an emergency response transport for civilian evacuations as well as for humanitarian aid and disaster relief around the world. Due to its ability to operate from unpaved runways, it has been useful in undeveloped areas. Specialized models have also been produced for aerial firefighting and zero-G training.参考译文：伊尔-76作为一种商业货运飞机，已经广泛运用于坡道交付货色，特殊是那些无法通过其他办法运输的大型或重型物品。它也被用作紧急情形下的民用疏散以及环球人性主义声援和灾害接济的运输工具。由于它可以在未铺设的跑道上运行，因此在未开拓地区也非常有用。此外，还生产了专门的型号用于空中消防和零重力演习。
类型 ｜ Role
军用及民用运输机计策和战术运输机
来源国 ｜ National origin
苏联 / 俄罗斯 ｜ Soviet Union / Russia
设计局 ｜ Design group
伊留申 ｜ Ilyushin
制造者 ｜ Built by
瓦列里·契卡洛夫塔什干航空制造联合体（TAPO） ｜ Tashkent Aviation Production Association 联合航空制造公司 - 乌里扬诺夫斯克飞机制造厂 ｜ Aviastar-SP
首飞 ｜ First flight
1971年3月25日 ｜ 25 March 1971
投入利用 ｜ Introduction
1974年6月 ｜ June 1974[1]
现状 ｜ Status
在役 ｜ In service
大用户 ｜ Primary users
苏联空军（历史上） ｜ Soviet Air Forces (historical)俄罗斯空天军 ｜ Russian Aerospace Forces 乌克兰空军 ｜ Ukrainian Air Force 印度空军 ｜ Indian Air Force
生产韶光 ｜ Produced
1971年至今 ｜ 1971–present
建造数量 ｜ Number built
960架以上 ｜ 960+[2]
子型号 ｜ Variants
伊尔-78 ｜ Ilyushin Il-78 贝利亚耶夫 A-50 “支柱”预警机 ｜ Beriev A-50 空警-2000 ｜ KJ-2000
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图片题注：苏联期间俄罗斯航空的伊尔-76TD，摄于1985年5月于苏黎世机场。图片作者：Eduard Marmet
此图片遵照CC BY-SA 2.0协议
图片题注：The Il-76 is ahigh-wingfreighter withfour turbofansand aT-tail.参考译文：伊尔-76是一种高翼货机，有四个涡扇发动机和一个t形尾翼。图片作者：BriYYZfrom Toronto, Canada
1. 设计和发展 ｜ Design and development1.1 起源 ｜ OriginsThe aircraft was conceived by Ilyushin in 1967 to meet a requirement for a freighter able to carry a payload of 40 tonnes (88,000 lb) over a range of 5,000 kilometres (2,700 nmi; 3,100 mi) in less than six hours, able to operate from short[vague] and unprepared airstrips, and capable of coping with the worst weather conditions likely to be experienced in Siberia and the Soviet Union's Arctic regions. It was intended to replace the Antonov An-12. Another project design for a double-decked 250-passenger airliner was cancelled. The Il-76 first flew in March 1971.[3]参考译文：这架飞机是由伊留申于1967年设计的，以知足在不到六小时内能够携带40吨（88,000磅）有效载荷，覆盖5,000公里（2,700海里；3,100英里）范围，并能从短小和未经准备的跑道上运行，并能应对西伯利亚和苏联北极地区可能碰着的最恶劣景象条件的货运飞机的需求。它旨在取代安东诺夫An-12。另一个设计为双层250座客机的项目被取消。伊尔-76于1971年3月首次翱翔。
IL-76于1967年开拓，目标是能够运载超过40公吨（88,000磅）的货色于6小时内翱翔超过5,000千米（2,700海里，3,100英里）。也可以在苏联境内多数机场设备不全或举动步伐大略的机场起飞，同时要适应苏联不同景象，紧张是要战胜近极地地区（如：西伯利亚）的严寒气候和高加索地区气温多变的环境。在定好了这些条件后，伊尔设计局就为这飞机设下了以洛克希德C-141为半假想敌。实际上Il-76对起落架和发动机设计就比C-141还要好。此外军用版本还加入了后射机枪，货舱尺寸为20米×3.4米×3.4米。结果在1971年3月25日进行首飞。
Production of Il-76s was allocated to the Tashkent Aviation Production Association in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, then a republic of the Soviet Union. Some 860 of the basic transport variants were manufactured.[4] In the 1990s, modernized variants also equipped with Soloviev D-30 turbofan engines[5] were developed (MF, TF), with a cargo compartment 20 m (66 ft) long by 3.4 m (11 ft) wide by 3.4 m (11 ft) tall; these larger variants were not produced in significant quantity due to the financial difficulties being experienced by the Russian Air Force, which was the primary operator of the type.[citation needed] The prototype of the Il-76MF conducted its first flight on 1 August 1995.[citation needed]参考译文：伊尔-76的生产分配给了位于乌兹别克斯坦塔什干的塔什干航空生产协会，当时是苏联的一个加盟共和国。大约制造了860架基本运输型。在1990年代，配备了索洛维耶夫D-30涡轮风扇发动机的当代化变种（MF，TF）也被开拓出来，其货舱长20米（66英尺），宽3.4米（11英尺），高3.4米（11英尺）；由于俄罗斯空军（该型号的紧张运营商）面临财务困难，这些大型变种并未大量生产。伊尔-76MF原型机于1995年8月1日进行了首次翱翔。
1.2 进一步发展 ｜ Further developmentFrom 2004 onwards, a number of aircraft in commercial service were modernized to the Il-76TD-90VD version; this involved the adoption of the newly developed PS-90 engine to comply with European noise limitations.[1] In 2005, the People's Republic of China placed an order for 34 new Il-76MDs and four Il-78 tankers.[citation needed] In June 2013, Russian military export agency Rosoboronexport announced an order by China for 12 Il-76MD aircraft.[6]参考译文：从2004年开始，一些商用飞机被当代化改造为伊尔-76TD-90VD版本；这涉及到采取新开拓的PS-90发动机以符合欧洲的噪音限定。[1] 2005年，中华ren2 min2 gong4 he2国订购了34架新的伊尔-76MD和四架伊尔-78加油机。[须要引用] 2013年6月，俄罗斯军事出口机构Rosoboronexport宣告中国订购了12架伊尔-76MD飞机。[6]
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图片题注：Landing gear of an Ilyushin Il-76参考译文：一架伊尔-76的起落架图片作者：Pavel Adzhigildaev
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图片题注：Landing of the Il-76 transport aircraft at theBrestairport参考译文：伊尔-76运输机在布雷斯特机场降落图片作者：DCheretovich
The Il-76 has also been modified into an airborne refuelling tanker, designated the Il-78, around 50 aircraft having been produced.[4] A variant of the Il-76 also serves as a firefighting waterbomber. Its airframe was used as a base for the Beriev A-50 'Mainstay' AEW&C (airborne early warning and control) aircraft; around 25 aircraft were made.[4] Another application for the type was found in Antarctic support flights and for conducting simulated weightlessness training for cosmonauts (akin to the "Vomit Comet" used by NASA).[7] Beriev and NPO Almaz also developed an airborne laser flying laboratory designated A-60, of which two were built, much of this project's details remaining classified.[8]参考译文：伊尔-76还被改装成空中加油机，命名为伊尔-78，已生产约50架飞机。[4] 伊尔-76的一个变种也用作灭火水轰炸机。它的机身被用作别里耶夫A-50 "支柱" AEW&C（空中预警和掌握）飞机的根本；大约制造了25架飞机。[4] 该型号的另一个运用是在南极洲的支持航班以及进行仿照失落重演习，供宇航员利用（类似于NASA利用的“呕吐彗星”）。[7] 别里耶夫和NPO Almaz还开拓了一种名为A-60的机载激光翱翔实验室，个中建造了两架，该项目的大部分细节仍旧保密。[8]
1.3 Il-76MD-90A2012年9月，伊尔76改进型伊尔-476（伊尔-76MD-90A型）首飞成功[3]，可以明显创造其发动机与波音C-17环球霸王III一样采取了大直径的涡轮。12月，首架样机涂装正式完成[4]。
It was announced in 2010 that the production of a modernized Il-76, the Il-76MD-90A (also known as project Il-476 during the design stage), would begin; a proposed new production line would be located in Aviastar's facility in Ulyanovsk, Russia, and be operated in cooperation with the Tashkent works.[4] At that point, the construction of two Il-76MD-90A prototypes had begun at the Ulyanovsk facility.[9] The first Il-76MD-90A was rolled out at Aviastar's Ulyanovsk plant on 16 June 2014.[10] On 29 April 2015, it was reported that the Russian Aerospace Forces received the first Il-76MD-90A built at the Ulyanovsk plant "Aviastar-SP" from the 2012 contract for 39 aircraft.[11] The Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) received its first serial production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A airlifter on 2 April 2019.[12] As of mid-2023, 27 aircraft are ordered to be delivered in the period up to 2028 and 17 had been built.[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]参考译文：2010年，宣告将开始生产当代化的伊尔-76，即伊尔-76MD-90A（在设计阶段也被称为伊尔-476项目）；拟议的新生产线将位于俄罗斯乌里扬诺夫斯克的Aviastar工厂，并与塔什干工厂互助运营。[4] 当时，已经在乌里扬诺夫斯克工厂开始建造两架伊尔-76MD-90A原型机。[9] 第一架伊尔-76MD-90A于2014年6月16日在Aviastar的乌里扬诺夫斯克工厂下线。[10] 2015年4月29日，据宣布，俄罗斯航空航天部队从2012年的39架飞机条约中收到了首架在乌里扬诺夫斯克工厂“Aviastar-SP”生产的伊尔-76MD-90A。[11] 俄罗斯国防部（MoD）于2019年4月2日收到了其首架量产型伊留申伊尔-76MD-90A运输机。[12] 截至2023年年中，已订购了27架飞机，将在2028年前交付，个中17架已经制造完成。[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]
2. 利用历史 ｜ Operational history视频加载中...
（视频）此视频遵照CC BY- SA 4.0协议 辽不雅观搬运的CC BY- SA 4.0国际协议文本
视频题注：2019 landing of Il-76MD on an unpaved airfield参考译文：2019年伊尔- 76md在未铺设的机场降落视频作者：Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation（俄联邦国防部）
The first aircraft was delivered to the Soviet Air Force in June 1974[1] and subsequently became the main Soviet strategic transport aircraft. From 1976, it was operated by Aeroflot.参考译文：第一架飞机于1974年6月交付给苏联空军[1] ，随后成为苏联的紧张计策运输机。从1976年开始，它由俄罗斯国际航空公司运营。
Between 1979 and 1991, the Soviet Air Force Il-76s made 14,700 flights into Afghanistan, transporting 786,200 servicemen and 315,800 tons of freight. The Il-76 carried 89% of Soviet troops and 74% of the freight that was airlifted. As Afghan rebels were unable to shoot down high-flying Il-76s, their tactics were to try and damage it on takeoff or landing. Il-76s were often hit by shoulder-launched Stinger and Strela heat-seeking missiles and large-calibre machine gun fire, but because the strong airframes were able to take substantial damage and remain operational, the aircraft had a remarkably low attrition rateduring this period of conflict. Building on that experience, the bulk of the Canadian Forces equipment into Afghanistan was flown in using civilian Il-76s.[24] In 2006, the Russian Air Force had about 200 Il-76s. Civilian users in Russia have 108.[4]参考译文：1979年至1991年间，苏联空军的伊尔-76型飞机在阿富汗实行了14700次翱翔任务，运送了786200名军人和315800吨货色。伊尔-76型飞机承担了89%的苏军部队和74%的空运货色。由于阿富汗叛军无法击落高空翱翔的伊尔-76型飞机，他们试图在起飞或降落时对其进行毁坏。伊尔-76型飞机常常受到肩扛式毒刺和斯特雷拉热寻导弹以及大口径机枪火力的攻击，但由于坚固的机身能够承受大量损伤并保持运行，该飞机在冲突期间的损耗率非常低。基于这一履历，加拿大军队进入阿富汗的大部分装备都是利用民用伊尔-76型飞机运输的。[24] 2006年，俄罗斯空军拥有约200架伊尔-76型飞机。俄罗斯民用用户有108架。[4]
On 3 August 1995, an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 piloted by a Russian crew was forced down by a Taliban-controlled Afghanistan Air Force fighter in what became known as the Airstan incident. The crew were imprisoned for nearly a year, but later escaped out of their confinement and managed to sneak into their aircraft still stuck at the airport and fly out of Afghanistan.[25]参考译文：1995年8月3日，一架由俄罗斯机组职员驾驶的Airstan伊留申伊尔-76飞机被塔利班掌握的阿富汗空军战斗机迫降，这发难宜后来被称为Airstan事宜。机组职员被囚禁了近一年，但后来成功逃脱并设法潜入仍在机场滞留的飞机，从阿富汗飞离。[25]
此图片属于公共领域
图片题注：USAF and IAF airmen work inside the cockpit of an Indian Il-76.参考译文：美国空军和印度空军翱翔员在印度伊尔-76的驾驶舱内事情。
在苏联解体后，就有不同的利用。1999年台湾发生921大地震，俄罗斯政府即叮嘱消磨IL-76搭载救灾职员及物资飞航台湾，为首次有俄国军用飞机降落台湾。于2005年8月29日（即是卡特里娜飓风消散前一天），俄罗斯决定叮嘱消磨两架IL-76实行运送人性接济物资的操持。并于9月8日抵达了在刚给飓风洗劫完的小岩城机场。而运送第二批物资的IL-76就在9月14日回程。是俄罗斯第一次有同类行动赈济美国。
In 2004, a Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) Il-76 carried out a flight mission in Afghanistan, and later in 2011, PLAAF Il-76s were sent to Libya to evacuate Chinese citizens. The two missions were the reported first steps of PLAAF developing long-range transportation capability.[26]参考译文：2004年，中国ren2 min2 jie3 fang4 jun1空军( PLAAF )伊尔-76在阿富汗实行翱翔任务，后来在2011年，中国ren2 min2 jie3 fang4 jun1空军伊尔-76被派往利比亚撤离中国公民。这两个任务是中国ren2 min2 jie3 fang4 jun1空军发展远程运输能力的首次宣布。 [26]
On 23 March 2007, a Transaviaexport Il-76 was shot down by an anti-aircraft missile while taking off from Mogadishu, Somalia. Everybody on board, seven crew and four passengers, were killed.[27]参考译文：2007年3月23日， Transaviaexport公司的一架伊尔-76飞机从索马里摩加迪沙起飞时被一枚防空导弹击落。机上七名机组职员和四名搭客全部罹难。
飞赴利比亚接运中国职员的4架中国空军伊尔-76飞机，于2011年3月1日16时许从乌鲁木齐起飞，于北京韶光3月2日晚22时30分顺利降落利比亚塞卜哈机场。途中飞经巴基斯坦、阿曼、沙特阿拉伯、苏丹、利比亚等5个国家，飞过阿拉伯海和红海，超过6个时区、8个空中情报牵制区，单程空中翱翔韶光超过12小时以上。中途在卡拉奇和喀土穆加油。[8]
Syrian Air Force Il-76s, operating as civil Syrianair aircraft, have been reportedly used to ship weapons, money, and other cargo from Russia and Iran to Syria, according to a defected Syrian military pilot. Since the start of the war, in April 2011 (and up to July 2012), around 20 military flights have been conducted to and from Tehran, via Iraqi airspace. Further information exposes that since around 2012, Syrian Il-76s have regularly flown to Moscow's Vnukovo Airport to fetch shipments of Syrian banknotes that have been useful to Bashar al-Assad's government to survive Western sanctions.[28][29][30]参考译文：据宣布，叙利亚空军伊尔-76飞机以民用叙利亚航空公司的名义运营，据一名叛逃的叙利亚翱翔员称，这些飞机被用于从俄罗斯和伊朗向叙利亚运送武器、金钱和其他货色。自2011年4月战役开始以来（截至2012年7月），大约有20架军用飞机来回德黑兰，途经伊拉克领空。进一步的信息显示，自2012年旁边以来，叙利亚伊尔-76飞机定期飞往莫斯科的符拉索夫机场，提取对巴沙尔·阿萨德政府在西方制裁下生存有用的叙利亚钞票。[28][29][30]
2013年6月，俄罗斯方面宣告将向中国空军供应十架二手伊尔-76MD军用运输机。根据2011年签署的合约，2013年至2015年期间俄罗斯将向中国供应俄空军现有的10架伊尔-76MD，并进行维修做事。[9]
On 14 June 2014, a Ukrainian Air Force Il-76 was shot down by ground fire from pro-Russian separatists while on approach to landing at Luhansk, resulting in the deaths of 40 soldiers and nine crew members on board.[31][32][33]参考译文：2014年6月14日，一架乌克兰空军伊尔-76飞机在降落卢甘斯克时被亲俄分裂分子的地面火力击落，机上40绅士兵和9名机组职员去世亡。
On 30 January 2017, an IL-76 firebomber of the Russian EMERCOM agency was deployed to Chile to assist firefighters. The assignment took 39 days.[34]参考译文：2017年1月30日，俄罗斯紧急情形部（EMERCOM）的一架IL-76轰炸机被派往智利帮忙消防员。这次任务持续了39天。[34]
All Il-76 transport aircraft in service with the RF Aerospace Forces were to receive anti-missile systems, and aircraft reconfiguration started in spring 2019.[35]参考译文：所有在俄联邦空天军服役的伊尔-76运输机都将吸收反导系统，飞机重新配置于2019年春季开始。[35]
On 25 February 2022, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Ukrainian State Special Communications Agency and US officials claimed that Russian Il-76s were shot down over Bila Tserkva.[36] As of September 2022, no wreckage of the planes has been found.[37]参考译文：2022年2月25日，在2022年俄罗斯入侵乌克兰期间，乌克兰国家特殊通信局和美国官员声称俄罗斯伊尔-76飞机在Bila Tserkva上空被击落。[36]截至2022年9月，尚未创造这些飞机的残骸。[37]
On 4 April 2022, photographs of two destroyed Il-76s from the Ukrainian 25th Transport Aviation Brigade were displayed; these cargo planes were destroyed on the ground by Russian forces at Melitopol Airport.[38]参考译文：2022年4月4日，乌克兰第25运输航空旅的两架被摧毁的伊尔-76飞机的照片被展示出来；这些货运飞机在梅利托波尔机场被俄罗斯军队摧毁。[38]
On 30 August 2023, four Il-76s were reportedly destroyed by Ukrainian kamikaze drone strikes at Pskov Airport.[39][40]参考译文：2023年8月30日，据宣布，四架伊尔-76飞机在普斯科夫机场被乌克兰神风无人机打击摧毁。[39][40]
3. 子型号 ｜ Variants维基百科官方提示1：This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.(June 2013)(Learn how and when to remove this template message)参考译文：本节须要添加引文以供核实。请帮助改进本文，将引文添加到本节的可靠来源中。未注明来源的材料可能会受到质疑并删除。 (2013年6月) (理解如何和何时删除此模板)维基百科官方提示2：You can help expand this section with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (October 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions.参考译文：您可以利用来自俄语对应文章的翻译文本来帮助扩展此部分。（2022年10月）点击[显示]以获取主要的翻译解释。
3.1 原型机和开拓变体 ｜Prototypes and developmental variants此图片遵照CC BY- SA 3.0协议
辽不雅观搬运的中海内地版协议文本链接
图片题注：Il-76TD-90, Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines have larger diameter. 参考译文：伊尔- 76TD -90、Aviadvigatel PS-90发动机直径更大。图片作者：bomberpilot
Il-76TD-90 / Il-76MD-90: Engine upgrades to Perm PS-90s.参考译文：引擎升级为Perm PS-90s
Il-76 firebomber: Firefighting aircraft to drop exploding capsules filled with fire retardant.参考译文：伊尔-76火神轰炸机 - 灭火飞机，可投放装有阻燃剂的爆炸胶囊。
Il-76PSD: SAR version ofIl-76MF参考译文：伊尔-76MF的搜索接济版本。
Il-96: Early development of convertible passenger/cargo aircraft, (project only, designation re-used later)参考译文：伊尔-96 - 早期开拓的可转换客运/货运飞机（仅为项目，后重新利用设计名称）。
Il-150: proposed Beriev A-50 with Perm PS-90 engines.参考译文：操持中的配备Perm PS-90发动机的贝利亚耶夫A-50。
Beriev A-60: Airborne laser weapon testbed. (Il-76 version 1A)参考译文：机载激光武器测试平台。（伊尔-76版本1A）
分外目的 / 研究用改型 ｜ Special purpose / research variants
Il-76LL: with reinforced wing (at least 3 aircraft) to be used as test-bed aeroplane for engine prototypes flight testing inGromov Flight Research Institute.参考译文：带有加强翼（至少3架飞机），用作格罗莫夫翱翔研究所发动机原型机翱翔测试的试验台飞机。
Izdeliye-176: prototype Il-76PP.参考译文：伊尔-76PP的原型机
Izdeliye-576
Izdeliye-676: Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).参考译文：遥测和通信中继飞机，用于试验操持（原型机）。
Izdeliye-776: Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).参考译文：遥测和通信中继飞机，用于试验操持（原型机）。
Izdeliye-976 ("SKIP", Il-976, or Il-76SK)[41]– (СКИП – Самолетный Контрольно-Измерительный Пункт, Airborne Check-Measure-and-Control Center): Il-76/A-50 based Range Control and Missile tracking platform. Initially built to supportRaduga Kh-55 cruise missiletests.参考译文：（“SKIP”、Il-976 或 Il-76SK）[41]–（SKIP - 机载检讨丈量和掌握中央）：基于 Il-76/A-50 的间隔掌握和导弹跟踪平台。 最初是为了支持 Raduga Kh-55 巡航导弹测试而建造的。
Izdeliye-1076: Special mission aircraft for unknown duties.参考译文：实行未知任务的分外任务飞机。
Izdeliye-1176: ELINT electronic intelligence aircraft, orIl-76-11参考译文：ELINT 电子情报飞机，也被称为伊尔-76-11
3.2 军用版本 ｜ Military Variants此图片遵照GFDL 1.2协议
辽不雅观搬运和翻译的协议文本：「链接」
图片题注：中国ren2 min2 jie3 fang4 jun1空军的IL-76，全闭合式的起落架盖板是其主要特色。图片作者：Darren Koch
Il-76-Tu160 tailplane transporter: One-off temporary conversion to support Tu-160 emergency modification programme.参考译文：Tu160尾翼运输机 - 一次性临时改装以支持Tu-160紧急修正操持。
Il-76D: ('D' for "Desantnyi",Десантный– "Paratrooper transport") has a gun turret in the tail for defensive purposes.参考译文：（"D"代表"Desantnyi"，Десантный – "Paratrooper transport"）在尾部有一个用于防御目的的枪塔。
Il-76K/Il-76MDK/Il-76MDK-II: Zero-g cosmonaut trainer (dlya podgotovki kosmonavtov), used byYuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.参考译文：零重力宇航员演习器（dlya podgotovki kosmonavtov），由Yuri Gagarin宇航员培训中央利用。
Il-76LL: Engine testbed, (ooniversahl'naya letayuschchaya laboratoriya).参考译文：发动机试验台，（拉丁化俄语：通用翱翔实验室）。
此图片遵照CC BY- SA 4.0协议
辽不雅观搬运的CC BY-SA 4.0中英对照国际协议文本链接
图片题注：Il-76LL with PD-14 engine prototype under testing, 2015参考译文：正在测试的带有 PD-14 发动机原型的 Il-76LL，2015 年图片作者：Alex Snow
此图片遵照GFDL 1.2协议
辽不雅观搬运和翻译的协议文本： 安全验证 - 知乎
图片题注：Il-76LL SKIP testbed, 1999参考译文：Il-76LL SKIP 测试台，1999 年图片作者：Aktug Ates点击这里访问原图链接
Il-76M: Military transport version, (modifitseerovannyy– modified).参考译文：军事运输版本，（拉丁化俄语：修正版）。
Il-76MD: Improved military transport version, (modifitseerovannyy Dahl'ny– modified, long-range).参考译文： 改进型军事运输版本，（拉丁化俄语：修正后的远程）。
此图片遵照CC BY- SA 2.0协议
图片题注：Il-76MD GSh-23 tail guns参考译文：Il-76MD GSh-23 尾炮图片作者：Alan Wilson from Stilton, Peterborough, Cambs, UK
此图片遵照CC BY- SA 3.0协议
辽不雅观搬运的CC BY-SA 3.0中海内地版协议文本
图片题注：Il-76MD cargo cabin参考译文：Il-76MD货舱图片作者：User№101
Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT: Mobile Hospital参考译文：移动医院
Il-76M / Il-76MD: Built without military equipment but designated as Ms and MDs (Gordon – 'Falsies')参考译文：没有装备军事设备但被指定为M和MDs（Gordon – 'Falsies'）的建造。）
Il-76MD-90: An Il-76MD with quieter and more economical Aviadvigatel PS-90 high-bypass turbofan engines.参考译文：一种装有更安静、更经济的Aviadvigatel PS-90高涵道涡轮风扇发动机的Il-76MD。
Il-76MF: Stretched military version with a 6.6 m longer fuselage, PS-90A-76 engines, maximum takeoff weight of 210 tonnes and a lift capability of 60 tonnes. First flew in 1995, not built in series so far,[1]just built for Jordan.参考译文：具有更长的机身（长6.6米）、PS-90A-76发动机、最大起飞重量210吨和提升能力60吨的军事版本。于1995岁首年月次翱翔，目前尚未系列生产，仅建造了一架供约旦利用。
Il-76PP: ECM aircraft, major problems with ECM equipment on the Izdeliye-176 only.参考译文：电子战飞机，紧张问题涌如今Izdeliye-176上的电子战设备上。
Il-76MD-M: Modernized Il-76MD for the Russian Aerospace Forces.[42][43][44]参考译文：为俄罗斯航空航天部队当代化改造的Il-76MD。[42][43][44]
Il-76MD-90A: An upgraded version with a new glass cockpit, upgraded avionics, new one-piece carbon-fibre wing, and Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines. It was also known as Il-476 while in development.[10][45]参考译文：升级版，配备新的玻璃驾驶舱、升级的航空电子设备、新型一体式碳纤维机翼和Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76发动机。在研发过程中也被称为Il-476。[10][45]
此图片遵照CC BY- SA 3.0协议
辽不雅观搬运的CC BY-SA 3.0中海内地版协议文本
图片题注：Il-76MD-90A of the Russian Aerospace Forces参考译文：俄罗斯空天军的Il-76MD-90A图片作者：Alexey Reznichenko点击这里访问原图链接
Il-76T/Il-76TD: Built as military aircraft but given civilian designations. (Gordon – 'Falsie')参考译文：作为军用飞机建造，但授予民用设计编号。（Gordon – 'Falsie'）
此图片遵照CC BY 2.0协议
图片题注：Il-76TD glass nose参考译文：伊尔-76TD的玻璃机鼻图片作者：sulivanmark点击这里访问原图链接
Ilyushin Il-78/Il-78M/Il-78MD-90A: Aerial refuelling tanker.参考译文：空中加油机
Il-78 MKI: A customized version of the Il-78 developed for the Indian Air Force.参考译文：为印度空军开拓的Il-78定制版本。
Il-82: Airborne Command Post/communications relay aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76VKP-'version65S').参考译文：空中指挥所/通信中继飞机，（备选编号 - Il-76VKP-'version65S'）。
Il-84: Maritime Search and Rescue aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76PS-poiskovo-spasahtel'nyy), not produced.参考译文：海上搜救飞机，（备选编号 - Il-76PS-poiskovo-spasahtel'nyy），未生产。
Beriev A-50/Beriev A-50M/Beriev A-50I/Beriev A-50E: Airborne Early Warning & Control aircraft. Beriev given control over the program.参考译文：空中早期预警和掌握飞机。Beriev得到对该操持的掌握。
Beriev A-100: An AEW&C version of the Il-76MD-90A.参考译文：基于Il-76MD-90A的AEW&C版本。
3.3 民用版本 ｜ Civil variantsIl-76MGA: Initial Commercial freighter. (two prototypes and 12 production) equipped with Soloviev D-30 Turbofan engines.[46]参考译文：初始商业货机。配备索洛维耶夫D-30涡轮风扇发动机。（两个原型和12架生产）
此图片属于公共领域
图片题注：A commercial variant of the Ilyushin Il-76, loading cargo at Ali Air Base,Iraq参考译文：伊留申 Il-76 的商业改型，正在伊拉克阿里空军基地装载货色图片作者：Sgt. Sabrina Johnson (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Sabrina Johnson/Released)
Il-76MD to Il-76TD conversions: Complete removal of military equipment, identified by crude cover over OBIGGS inlet in Starboard Sponson.参考译文：通过粗糙的覆盖右翼拱门内的OBIGGS进气口可以识别出来，该版本完备移除了军事装备。
Il-76P / Il-76TP / Il-76TDP / Il-76MDP: Firefighting aircraft. The Il-76 waterbomber is a VAP-2 1.5-hour install/removal tanking kit conversion. The Il-76 can carry up to 13,000 U.S. gallons (49,000 liters) of water; 3.5 times the capacity of theC-130 Hercules. Since this kit can be installed on any Il-76, the designation Il-76TP, Il-76TDP are also used when those versions of the Il-76 are converted into waterbombers. The Il-76P was first unveiled in 1990.参考译文：灭火飞机。伊尔-76灭火飞机是一种VAP-2 1.5小时安装/拆卸水箱改装套件。伊尔-76可以携带高达13,000美国加仑（49,000升）的水；是C-130大力神的3.5倍容量。由于这个套件可以安装在任何伊尔-76上，因此当那些版本的伊尔-76被改装成灭火飞机时，也会利用Il-76TP、Il-76TDP的代号。Il-76P于1990岁首年月次亮相。
Il-76T: ('T' for Transport, Транспортный) unarmed civil cargo transport version. NATO code-name "Candid-A". It first flew on November 4, 1978.参考译文：('T'代表运输，Транспортный)非武装民用货运版本。北约代号"Candid-A"。它于1978年11月4日首次翱翔。
Il-76TD: The civil equivalent of the Il-76MD, first flew in 1982, equipped with Soloviev D-30Turbofan engines.[46]参考译文：伊尔-76MD的民用等效版本，于1982岁首年月次翱翔，配备索洛维耶夫D-30涡轮风扇发动机。[46]
此图片遵照CC BY- SA 4.0协议
辽不雅观搬运的CC BY-SA 4.0中英对照国际协议文本
图片题注：An Il-76TD belonging to theIRGC, used as afirefighting aircraft参考译文：IRGC 的一架 Il-76TD，用作消防飞机图片作者：Shahram Sharifi
Il-76TD-90: An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial glass cockpit.参考译文：配备Aviadvigatel PS-90发动机和部分玻璃驾驶舱的伊尔-76TD。
Il-76TD-90VD: An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partialglass cockpit. It was developed specially for Volga-Dnepr cargo company, which operates five aircraft as of 2021.[47]参考译文：配备Aviadvigatel PS-90发动机和部分玻璃驾驶舱的伊尔-76TD。它是专门为伏尔加-第聂伯货运公司开拓的，截至2021年，该公司运营五架飞机。[47]
Il-76TD-S: Civilian mobile Hospital, similar to Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT.参考译文：类似于伊尔-76MD Skal'pel-MT的民用移动医院。
Il-76TF: Civil transport stretched version with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines. It is the civil version of the Il-76MF (none produced).参考译文：配备Aviadvigatel PS-90发动机的民用运输延伸版本。它是伊尔-76MF（未生产）的民用版本。
3.4 外国版本 ｜ Foreign variantsBeriev A-50E/I: For the Indian Air Force. Hosts Israeli Phalcon radar for AEW&C and Aviadvigatel PS-90engines.[48]
此图片遵照CC BY- SA 3.0协议
辽不雅观搬运的CC BY-SA 3.0中海内地版协议文本
图片题注：The A-50E/I Mainstay of the Indian Air Force参考译文：印度空军的 A-50E/I 国度栋梁图片作者：Michael Sender
Il-76MD tanker: Iraqi Air Force tanker conversions.参考译文：伊拉克空军的加油机改装型
KJ-2000: Domestic Chinese airborne early warning and control conversion of Il-76, developed after A-50 Iwas cancelled and currently in service with the armed forces of China.参考译文：中国制造的空中预警和掌握改装伊尔-76，在印度取消了A-50I后开拓，目前为中国军队服役。
CFTE engine testbed: The China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE) currently operates a flying testbed converted from a Russian-made Il-76MD jet transport aircraft to serve as a flying testbed for future engine development programmes. The first engine to be tested on the aircraft is the WS-10A "Taihang" turbofan, currently being developed as the powerplant for China's indigenous J-10 and J-11 fighter aircraft. Il-76MD #76456, acquired by the AVIC 1 from Russia in the 1990s, is currently based at CFTE's flight test facility at Yanliang, Shaanxi Province.参考译文：中国翱翔测试机构（CFTE）目前运营一架从俄罗斯制造的伊尔-76MD喷气式运输机改装而来的翱翔测试平台，作为未来发动机开拓操持的翱翔测试平台。该飞机上测试的第一个发动机是WS-10A "太行"涡轮风扇发动机，目前正在为中国自主研发的J-10和J-11战斗机开拓动力装置。AVIC 1在1990年代从俄罗斯购买了伊尔-76MD #76456，目前位于陕西省延安市的CFTE翱翔测试举动步伐内。
Baghdad-1: Iraqi development with a radar mounted in the cargo hold enabling it to serve as AEW&C, used in the Iran–Iraq War.参考译文：伊拉克开拓，雷达安装在货舱内，可用于AEW&C，在伊朗–伊拉克战役中利用。
Baghdad-2: Iraqi development (with French assistance) with fibreglass-reinforced plastic radome over the antenna of the Thomson-CSF Tiger G surveillance radar with a maximum detection range of 350 km (190 nmi; 220 mi). One was destroyed on the ground during the 1991 Persian Gulf War; two others were flown to Iran where they remained.[49]At least one went into service with the IRIAF. One aircraftcrashedfollowing a midair collision with a HESA Saeqeh fighter, during the annual Iranian military parade in Teheran.[50]It can be distinguished from the Beriev A-50 by having the Il-76 navigator windows in the nose, which the A-50 does not.参考译文：伊拉克开拓（法国帮忙），在汤姆森-CSF Tiger G监视雷达天线上安装玻璃纤维增强塑料雷达罩，最大探测范围为350公里（190海里；220英里）。个中一架在1991年波斯湾战役中被摧毁；其余两架飞往伊朗，一贯留在那里。至少有一架被伊朗伊斯兰共和国空军投入利用。另一架在德黑兰举行的伊朗年度军事阅兵期间与HESA Saeqeh战斗机发生空中碰撞后坠毁。它可以与Beriev A-50区分开来，由于它在鼻子上有伊尔-76导航员窗口，而A-50没有。
费尔康预警机：为以色列航天工业基于A-50平台安装“费尔康”雷达研发的大型预警机（AWACS），原打算售予中华ren2 min2 gong4 he2国，然而在美国压力下条约取消，该型预警机被改售给印度，被称为A-50I。
第二部分 利用者、事件、展出、技能特色、竞品比拟 请点击这里访问拜会、参考文献、外部链接https://wikipedia.cathayviews.online/index.php/2023/10/17/ilyushin-il-76/
